[ [ "exploration-of-natural-gas", [ [ "acknowledgements", [ [ "acknowledgements", { "html": [ [ "#inmemory#\n\n

\n

\n \"\"\n

\n We wish to thank all those who contributed so much talent for the development and production of this course. Special appreciation is extended to National Grid and National Fuel for their technical guidance, support and production.\n

\n\n\n\n\n", "instructions" ] ] } ] ] ], [ "basics-of-natural-gas", [ [ "basics-of-natural-gas", { "mp4": [ [ "https://d18ky98rnyall9.cloudfront.net/BelXZV9UEeiKNQ6MFIim6g.processed/full/540p/index.mp4?Expires=1560038400&Signature=EIp4NT1QdLVv2WQWrfCsf8ceFSX4H0doZGF~VL0uWiu2KBGLLr8WOxlZ29eGRVGT962xnXoYqEjWRMFMdemn7zQU~a8p-sz0MiKQbyDLx1A8uBjO~LqNwUtXlZ8SpnkH6Dh0JK~bEDCFk-pcCsyeQDDBupPxWI~4QH65U47BPkQ_&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLTNE6QMUY6HBC5A", "" ] ], "en.srt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/ujevRgaZSZa3r0YGmcmWIw?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=LtrYC_thvM6pd2e3H8YmWr08Bh1QFM43eNosObZ_Cd8&fileExtension=srt", "" ] ], "en.txt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/ujevRgaZSZa3r0YGmcmWIw?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=16FPFpxQ_Gzcr3sr1u_7frtS8FCn7AVu-fLIFXtIuTM&fileExtension=txt", "" ] ] } ] ] ], [ "quality-and-measurements", [ [ "quality-measurements", { "mp4": [ [ "https://d18ky98rnyall9.cloudfront.net/W-Dw1V9UEeiKNQ6MFIim6g.processed/full/540p/index.mp4?Expires=1560038400&Signature=Ehkv10dQFndStH8b1HndczoZEOic6JA2dG-3VgT62CC7tWAvegz9j9-0b2PAC-pvP~7DsODCQ96AdW1FD8ZhSV9~o4qAziE9ZXfHITQHlK4uexj~CGFcL5EFoH2Yl0pFUhL4q-ZjSuj8dYBiTPnOEI0TZGXI~yJeIzSdmLIic0w_&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLTNE6QMUY6HBC5A", "" ] ], "en.srt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/V3TvHJcUQNO07xyXFODTlA?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=6uKPjFCcsKqb0XOuWQ8_C1S1TP4vBoteGriSKvqBerQ&fileExtension=srt", "" ] ], "en.txt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/V3TvHJcUQNO07xyXFODTlA?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=XrF2BUvzOaHcdd22pOUqV4wKfNllT8Ran5H0sJgBcu8&fileExtension=txt", "" ] ] } ] ] ], [ "supply-chain-production", [ [ "supply-chain-production", { "mp4": [ [ "https://d18ky98rnyall9.cloudfront.net/kNOgol9UEeiEZRKxXgWFpg.processed/full/540p/index.mp4?Expires=1560038400&Signature=R5kLCojc53EL~gRT6iEj67Anz3JRUVQ4pDt7zq20jwaJxSudUqbSQ4ZO8e1B8RrU6FVjHuQEN5O3var4JMsdR8dpaC4sYtH3Hjdi3otCtd8-bo8wnXpDIOoLrG3ew8dGVDbSCKWFlhWdrrrbu5YjgMejQFqZk2x80pCOxTk-IT4_&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLTNE6QMUY6HBC5A", "" ] ], "en.srt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/4NWEccPSTlqVhHHD0m5ayw?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=8XxJVCkqFVt-tDR2dwqrq5HM2jQrFA3WpeTZGf9_euM&fileExtension=srt", "" ] ], "en.txt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/4NWEccPSTlqVhHHD0m5ayw?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=H6Au8FbFFAZutxaPhAw06l-E5wRickw8OVQ8qikNUIA&fileExtension=txt", "" ] ] } ] ] ], [ "drilling-and-fracking", [ [ "drilling-fracking", { "mp4": [ [ "https://d18ky98rnyall9.cloudfront.net/yj5EQF9UEeiFLgr123Yivg.processed/full/540p/index.mp4?Expires=1560038400&Signature=aJdM3VOitou0aWTlZsmYs7XqoWk9cVF7ipW7K3jCZ0iXutUAA6w3tEC58tQ5KirMu94Pr7G8oCDq60uLuAQejmGyGikGeOwnrJLlh6MShs4kmEQsHgZ33SJIYkmYKm~lpJCBRv3r-U5aeBXi3jfMAuxUu~od-NLh-kuV9ml5dYY_&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLTNE6QMUY6HBC5A", "" ] ], "en.srt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/5loAgmb7TsWaAIJm-67F2Q?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=fhFutkg6q8bkUAaGJywJU5MzBNaEwGDyypDoIZAOff8&fileExtension=srt", "" ] ], "en.txt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/5loAgmb7TsWaAIJm-67F2Q?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=IHX-37dJx8kRZ2P5oeVxd1XiL_-cku1gP1Ww1VNDQUk&fileExtension=txt", "" ] ] } ] ] ], [ "week-1-resources-and-evaluation", [ [ "exploration-of-natural-gas-optional-resources", { "pdf": [ [ "http://asgmt.com/wp-content/uploads/pdf-docs/2007/1/041.pdf", "041" ] ], "html": [ [ "#inmemory#\n\n

\n

\n \"\"\n

\n Exploration of Natural Gas Resources\n

\n

\n The following resources were selected to reinforce the concepts of the Exploration of Natural Gas lectures. We would like to acknowledge the authors of the various materials for their insightful discussions and analysis which help formed the basis for some sections of the lessons and modules.\n

\n

\n \n Title of Resource:\n \n \n \n Natural Gas 101\n \n \n

\n

\n Resource Type: Video\n

\n

\n Description: Learn the basics of natural gas extraction and usage. Runtime:\n3:38\n

\n

\n \n Title of Resource:\n \n \n \n Natural Gas Measurement\n \n \n

\n

\n Resource Type: PDF\n

\n

\n Description: Natural gas has standard measurements for\ndistribution.\n

\n

\n \n Title of Resource:\n \n \n \n Liquified Natural Gas Supply Chain\n \n \n

\n

\n Resource Type: Video\n

\n

\n Description: This\nvideo details the process of refining, liquefying and transporting natural gas.\nRuntime: 4:13\n

\n

\n \n Title of Resource:\n \n \n \n Fracking Explained\n \n \n

\n

\n Resource Type: Video\n

\n

\n Description: Fracking\nis a controversial method of extracting natural gas that has gained popularity\nin recent years. Runtime: 5:03\n

\n

\n

\n\n\n\n\n", "instructions" ] ] } ] ] ] ] ], [ "natural-gas-processing-transmission-storage", [ [ "gathering-processing", [ [ "gathering-processing", { "mp4": [ [ "https://d18ky98rnyall9.cloudfront.net/kzMYLV9YEeiFLgr123Yivg.processed/full/540p/index.mp4?Expires=1560038400&Signature=ZpvJ~LQ79IHBwqhsgu5HBzYAUoRS3xOdBzIaZt2PI2DCRUvH3GuHzOVIH2Vu9Tz49V6~WNdBeN3jMpLZsCgDm4njRlfnXCtXXViliBwCKk9Vi8cV1C1vTBxr6AbKpcGrorejQgLc-iVqidzKaoqCGSiLhCuBZ4XeoZmfMj25~lU_&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLTNE6QMUY6HBC5A", "" ] ], "en.srt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/ml1wTbVzSlKdcE21c-pSfw?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=AfhcvVvDppKQaQFfGYK3ySSuku65k4lf4w-b6fUWpzo&fileExtension=srt", "" ] ], "en.txt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/ml1wTbVzSlKdcE21c-pSfw?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=qkVS3c_LP4opnCk9Pk5ntmekHYb4TrD_1XWyKVHczjE&fileExtension=txt", "" ] ] } ] ] ], [ "pipelines", [ [ "pipelines-part-1", { "mp4": [ [ "https://d18ky98rnyall9.cloudfront.net/hGJDtaS4EeizhA4E7gFHEg.processed/full/540p/index.mp4?Expires=1560038400&Signature=WDPJt1C7mx~3JsyZEtXN4-xMQZheewZXdTRixmKvScnAspQMzRUTQoJSSm~li2KkfA9XfVYs9dIWpmsoS5ku-QmZMdtkbXV6fXs9id8UYbcdmQL2YVeGR6PQ2NmgO2QKTePrxOgq1go2r4SYK8~BLOiSZdzA0I3as~X3q1xaK0g_&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLTNE6QMUY6HBC5A", "" ] ], "en.srt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/8wQt1owMTRuELdaMDE0brg?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=_ERY5hqte2H7aN-OiNF2Hse1CThkqIsOObdHh9qLeIw&fileExtension=srt", "" ] ], "en.txt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/8wQt1owMTRuELdaMDE0brg?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=FAJItpqzA6JMBa4foVK0_Wg41qCJC-_6pN2H4QfFJDw&fileExtension=txt", "" ] ] } ], [ "pipelines-part-2", { "mp4": [ [ "https://d18ky98rnyall9.cloudfront.net/4Jbz0V9YEeiEZRKxXgWFpg.processed/full/540p/index.mp4?Expires=1560038400&Signature=B5TuoJ~pCc49-eBFqTkFthfnV5pUirIKj1D9z0FkxMcvErJ3JkKeCYGnRu6PEDJrlgR4b4d9glHtOmS60GE7Lg4NPMQlNUxE6g9QBXmLL-I5a4wMhLtmmjTQSr8ILwUZHnoKHLc2I0cLhVcmvqHKQId6u6GDwMDXKBveEvvrCQ0_&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLTNE6QMUY6HBC5A", "" ] ], "tr.srt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/vLmkGlMLTtG5pBpTCz7Rug?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=NOQEFaWfhCvE-Tvl6wTu2kT82LYYZvZ5zjCZQU8sX0g&fileExtension=srt", "" ] ], "ro.srt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/K1C0nfMZTbmQtJ3zGY25yw?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=HyqgdMeBQX3J_inLkxI9nxcaZ_dV5LjyIytYogqe2K4&fileExtension=srt", "" ] ], "sr.srt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/ntVAC52kToOVQAudpG6Dig?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=q67qUxVkpYrM8nLVd2A-gEgCueIBoEfnZJB4V9Szc0k&fileExtension=srt", "" ] ], "en.srt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/FD3Z-rThTKW92fq04UylaA?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=-IegRAVn6GhpXJatlULJf60MA-OT0ukXdMlpV9sAR3Q&fileExtension=srt", "" ] ], "mn.srt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/Vse0w6ddSN-HtMOnXWjf-A?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=sJO8WvCjdGlwz2bU1s9iJITfxUnMOVoNZG7VylMZpAY&fileExtension=srt", "" ] ], "tr.txt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/vLmkGlMLTtG5pBpTCz7Rug?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=mizUgkPFXUni6UlmmXBC-aIXNEkVli_psWYY5qzs6i8&fileExtension=txt", "" ] ], "ro.txt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/K1C0nfMZTbmQtJ3zGY25yw?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=BLkiC18MJaGZaN5IhDxX1vbH3yZ7jiSkuh_VgU0kJxo&fileExtension=txt", "" ] ], "sr.txt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/ntVAC52kToOVQAudpG6Dig?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=O2pHQhkrdx3P9XZM-xMpkxxdmgERvuVyDf0dPyHSLr4&fileExtension=txt", "" ] ], "en.txt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/FD3Z-rThTKW92fq04UylaA?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=MB7vJ893rQX_HFrRemj9ZKI8XYJSaUz6Ax2sYf4jZLE&fileExtension=txt", "" ] ], "mn.txt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/Vse0w6ddSN-HtMOnXWjf-A?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=Z6u-ouwLlVs0376-BYlv79OgK5K6zEQoJoJayB-8tcQ&fileExtension=txt", "" ] ] } ] ] ], [ "gas-storage", [ [ "gas-storage", { "mp4": [ [ "https://d18ky98rnyall9.cloudfront.net/zUpWTFlAEei3rhJFDm6TJA.processed/full/540p/index.mp4?Expires=1560038400&Signature=NspX~nsTLvnzkGZTvFHqheYOFZpfGoHxbwBbzENGpwqZs2bV2mTgRODCau2bqa5wRQbo7yj~55kPKGOK5rlp9MTCcZqG8zDl-ID9vDQDXgr1plemuyyTAXBgAixFrwEjFAqUmVqRm0g1D3B6h9aj9ig6NS4aCuCb8j-q6ULY-FU_&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLTNE6QMUY6HBC5A", "" ] ], "en.srt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/YkPbOHrjRkyD2zh645ZMxg?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=iB9r5K2ssAQ3ruXX-5t4ZFr_Vdl-iDRQhSOUkk_7MDk&fileExtension=srt", "" ] ], "en.txt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/YkPbOHrjRkyD2zh645ZMxg?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=BcPsHcnjdt4WeTHaArE-RbvEXz79MUaPHkgZ6CksxEg&fileExtension=txt", "" ] ] } ] ] ], [ "week-2-resources-and-evaluation", [ [ "natural-gas-processing-transmission-storage-optional-resources", { "html": [ [ "#inmemory#\n\n

\n

\n \"\"\n

\n Natural Gas Processing, Transmission & Storage Resources\n

\n

\n The following resources were selected to reinforce the concepts of the Natural Gas Processing, Transmission & Storage lectures. We would like to acknowledge the authors of the various materials for their insightful discussions and analysis which help formed the basis for some sections of the\nlessons and modules.\n

\n

\n \n Title of Resource:\n \n \n \n The business of natural gas\n \n \n

\n

\n Resource Type: Video\n

\n

\n Description: Here is how energy companies make money from selling\nnatural gas. Runtime: 4:32\n

\n

\n \n Title of Resource:\n \n \n \n Natural gas pipelines\n \n \n

\n

\n Resource Type: Video\n

\n

\n Description: Pipes get natural gas to homes, and must adapt with\nincreasing energy demands. Runtime: 8:45\n

\n

\n \n Title of Resource:\n \n \n \n How underground natural gas storage works\n \n \n

\n

\n Resource Type: Video\n

\n

\n Description: Natural gas can be stored for later underground to\nsupplement incoming pipelines when demand is high. Runtime: 2:19\n

\n

\n

\n

\n

\n\n\n\n\n", "instructions" ] ] } ] ] ] ] ], [ "liquefied-natural-gas-distribution-construction", [ [ "liquefied-natural-gas-lng", [ [ "liquefied-natural-gas-lng", { "mp4": [ [ "https://d18ky98rnyall9.cloudfront.net/TWL_hllBEeiCvwrZ42CKLg.processed/full/540p/index.mp4?Expires=1560038400&Signature=Ml9aMwLfHUyVSwjlO7W0zGUwu2PpAmBTqUnJKo8auEZY991LvIaRbdjJsFYDw97g4IdnRsbIbrCTZSa6FkeGWLjUazSCZUavwCwjHfG0TcMJZxOhCMI2LThcrRxa3wtceyrLyHYT-keeq3RhfsAncesZou3kKMUIBEKLZaEagrI_&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLTNE6QMUY6HBC5A", "" ] ], "en.srt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/TlZMb-9BQKmWTG_vQUCp_w?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=cL_ePqAe8FFWR756ocOcPs8mvhQYSoTHxIwR5AYM_Kk&fileExtension=srt", "" ] ], "en.txt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/TlZMb-9BQKmWTG_vQUCp_w?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=hWLdp-EHtpwQHzWbacxXxaTzYgdHAGrwpEBUmH3j0QE&fileExtension=txt", "" ] ] } ] ] ], [ "lng-export-terminals", [ [ "lng-export-terminals", { "mp4": [ [ "https://d18ky98rnyall9.cloudfront.net/IZrZrllCEeiCvwrZ42CKLg.processed/full/540p/index.mp4?Expires=1560038400&Signature=DQLzWyzx10z8g3hvZWKm8oTtqcbsbxTdHzwVUJor2wubwAUogNPWHInl4-HC~VnBTOWiXnPxa2l~pIctMYKIs6R0ZqZab1-XoJi~HFPaaDCRsq53A5~8clCFP0OgTuuEumo1MlAV0xrkn4~z4AVU7pJLlMafF6gZPRXkO2NxkX4_&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLTNE6QMUY6HBC5A", "" ] ], "en.srt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/mkSqlDTBRvuEqpQ0wfb7aA?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=24DZ7sduOgpxEwE58pZ3reasT8x3YOyEqQerjox-N9Q&fileExtension=srt", "" ] ], "en.txt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/mkSqlDTBRvuEqpQ0wfb7aA?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=imUigdRspAaa5lvA6LcX-hdEtIxYT3kPbuYM6IKCDLg&fileExtension=txt", "" ] ] } ] ] ], [ "lng-import-terminals", [ [ "lng-import-terminals", { "mp4": [ [ "https://d18ky98rnyall9.cloudfront.net/0CqoKllCEeiCvwrZ42CKLg.processed/full/540p/index.mp4?Expires=1560038400&Signature=YLGSiGh9O5OMAwHLTMoPmo9xO3303gLV010PS0pP1yN6wZKWuW8UubR8g3km-c5NUT416UJyRHqtSzYuZ4sjQIv8gh~Ow~KUE4wvX7NTv10cnG~zqSqY5oe8IUn2rx83tniSdeulY16uvDVahewbsyY99ssat1eWhC1pydE5EPU_&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLTNE6QMUY6HBC5A", "" ] ], "en.srt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/lIXDRsDQS6-Fw0bA0LuvYw?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=pzwWZtHBiKZfCDIs6lJUxM2mHOQMgBr__r1lRn_MDLc&fileExtension=srt", "" ] ], "en.txt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/lIXDRsDQS6-Fw0bA0LuvYw?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=SRSkG5XKJg2giOKHuHjGQvr17G2zLHJejz4h2-sZQQc&fileExtension=txt", "" ] ] } ] ] ], [ "utility-basics", [ [ "utility-basics", { "mp4": [ [ "https://d18ky98rnyall9.cloudfront.net/kXnO5VlDEei3rhJFDm6TJA.processed/full/540p/index.mp4?Expires=1560038400&Signature=ih~VHVo9cPxTfuFyWFt5m7-Rad1Ai4Fsbrwe0HC7jvw1EbfKf1sK1~2ksN11U-49mUHmXhHFr5Cf2Z8IJRWduYzpgYSAxu6iPyIAYyiEBAiXCDLwSN8BaWEcC2VbAD~BqJIpv6jWHDLA3NR~nB7tp9gYOdvPEuhZAzZ3MwFv3Zg_&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLTNE6QMUY6HBC5A", "" ] ], "en.srt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/wRQNN_1hR2yUDTf9YfdstQ?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=WOzDIqPKMv9L_w0FGlah58yoqSW5iHLaV4HWxeD24cM&fileExtension=srt", "" ] ], "en.txt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/wRQNN_1hR2yUDTf9YfdstQ?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=JWLqepxeaRruHyXI4aqzfxAlnADL4F9xUJXjWJHLJnU&fileExtension=txt", "" ] ] } ] ] ], [ "utility-functions", [ [ "utility-functions", { "mp4": [ [ "https://d18ky98rnyall9.cloudfront.net/GhKUcFlJEeiPMg6-vSYUlA.processed/full/540p/index.mp4?Expires=1560038400&Signature=lBrFVnpvspD1JmHEbkkWQvE1HFaIFQboEn5g-Pr6AMunjXG4M5a-wsr21Gph2IVNCDP6ivZe0K9ViJglqgFCdQqsa7D5oBHAIEw5kjeYZONudGThtGJt0bc6f4eBeUE6DMUMh2fr~JUpInDreudsv3AJ6-~ZFOfDGLRhI9OpwF0_&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLTNE6QMUY6HBC5A", "" ] ], "en.srt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/StQuH5iaR2qULh-YmmdqMw?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=hDjc55tJ-3S1zDuxOQ11TaNmMrvpVLeyt3c8Jh20GGg&fileExtension=srt", "" ] ], "en.txt": [ [ "https://api.coursera.org/api/subtitleAssetProxy.v1/StQuH5iaR2qULh-YmmdqMw?expiry=1560038400000&hmac=VaNRzbY2F2JZPPo1MkEMNcVRTAfiksJ-28_ye7ESmRI&fileExtension=txt", "" ] ] } ] ] ], [ "week-3-resources-and-evaluation", [ [ "liquefied-natural-gas-distribution-construction-optional-resources", { "html": [ [ "https://www.elengy.com/en/lng/what-is-an-lng-terminal.html", "what-is-an-lng-terminal" ], [ "#inmemory#\n\n

\n

\n \"\"\n

\n Liquefied Natural Gas, Distribution, & Construction Resources\n

\n

\n The following resources were selected to reinforce the concepts of the Liquefied Natural Gas, Distribution, & Construction lectures. We would like to acknowledge the authors of the various materials for their insightful discussions and analysis which help formed the basis for some sections of the\nlessons and modules.\n

\n

\n \n Title of Resource:\n \n \n \n What is liquified natural gas?\n \n \n

\n

\n Resource Type: Video\n

\n

\n Description: Liquefying natural gas allows it to be transported\nlong distances in a quicker and safer manner. Runtime: 2:48\n

\n

\n \n Title of Resource:\n \n \n \n US to become a major LNG exporter\n \n \n

\n

\n Resource Type: Article\n

\n

\n Description: The U.S. is expecting to account for half of the\nworld\u2019s exported liquid natural gas in upcoming years.\n

\n

\n \n Title of Resource:\n \n \n \n What is an LNG import terminal?\n \n \n

\n

\n Resource Type: Article\n

\n

\n Description: A description of what an LNG import terminal is and\nhow it functions.\n

\n

\n \n Title of Resource:\n \n \n \n Natural Gas Utility\n \n \n

\n

\n Resource Type: Infographic\n

\n

\n Description: A helpful overview of how energy reaches homes and\nbusinesses.\n

\n

\n \n Title of Resource:\n \n \n \n Pipeline and Hazardous Material Safety Administration\n \n \n

\n

\n Resource Type: Video\n

\n

\n Description: Energy pipelines can be located using the National\nPipeline Mapping System 13:03\n

\n

\n

\n

\n

\n

\n

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\n

\n \"\"\n

\n Safety & Customer Service Resources\n

\n

\n The following resources were selected to reinforce the concepts of the Safety & Customer Service lectures. We would like to acknowledge the authors of the various materials for their insightful discussions and analysis which help formed the basis for some sections of the\nlessons and modules.\n

\n

\n \n Title of Resource:\n \n \n \n Natural Gas Pipeline Incidents\n \n \n

\n

\n Resource Type: Website\n

\n

\n Description: An updated analysis on pipeline incidents.\n

\n

\n \n Title of Resource:\n \n \n \n Natural Gas Leak\n \n \n

\n

\n Resource Type: Article\n

\n

\n Description: Natural gas leaks are serious issues that cause a lot\nof disruption for energy workers and people in surrounding communities.\n

\n

\n \n Title of Resource:\n \n \n \n NW Natural Pipeline Integrity Management Program\n \n \n

\n

\n Resource Type: Video\n

\n

\n Description: Preventing\nenergy delivery issues begins with preventative measures, like Northwest\u2019s\nIntegrity Management Program. Runtime: 4:22\n

\n

\n \n Title of Resource:\n \n \n \n Pipeline 101\n \n \n

\n

\n Resource Type: Article\n

\n

\n Description: Pipelines are not all owned by the same entity, yet\nenergy is still delivered in a uniform way to homes and businesses.\n

\n

\n

\n

\n

\n

\n

\n\n\n\n\n", "instructions" ] ] } ] ] ], [ "roadmap-to-success-in-the-energy-and-utilities-industry-phase-2", [ [ "roadmap-to-success-self-assessment", { "htm": [ [ "https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMC_05_1.htm", "newTMC_05_1" ] ], "html": [ [ "#inmemory#\n\n

\n

\n \"\"\n

\n \n Phase 2: Self-Assessment\n \n

\n

\n The following resources were selected to help you with phase 2 of your Roadmap to Success in Energy Industry Fundamentals. We would like to acknowledge the authors of the various web articles for their insightful discussions and analysis which formed the basis for some sections of this lesson.\n

\n

\n \n Title of resource:\n \n Personal\nSWOT Analysis: Making the Most of Your Talents and Opportunities\n \n \n

\n

\n \n Resource type: Article\n \n

\n

\n

\n

\n \n Title of resource:\n \n Department\nof Labor Employment and Training Administration\n \n \n

\n

\n \n Resource type: Article\n \n

\n

\n

\n

\n \n Title of resource:\n \n 31\nValue Proposition Examples You Wish You Had\n \n \n

\n

\n \n Resource type: Website\n \n

\n\n\n\n\n", "instructions" ] ] } ], [ "roadmap-to-success-self-assessment", { "pdf": [ [ "https://d18ky98rnyall9.cloudfront.net/soYhP5V_EeiLkQqZgJ6vfA_b2a345b0957f11e8a056afe15dc91ce2_Roadmap-to-Success-Project-Phase-2.pdf?Expires=1560038400&Signature=ObhzABMk~a7FF~Pbo0gRHNP~MLPkUbBkYzPpKDuj-o0Ew2crPLN188XOsRTwWijNpRKUXfWHmSH57~R646gBCV8Kmsqv64Y9lpOQ~m1GTGxyDsyunh2XXv~xBGA8vXNbBj0oFAzP~VfxYyKjFfXym3L-yWZaB5ccRGG-tdY2y5Y_&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLTNE6QMUY6HBC5A", "Roadmap_to_Success_Project_Phase_2" ] ], "html": [ [ "#inmemory#\n\n

\n

\n \"\"\n

\n \n Roadmap to Success in the Energy and Utilities Industry\n \n

\n

\n

\n

\n For this project you will develop a portfolio that contains a personalized \u201croadmap\u201d, including artifacts and endorsements, which outline how you will transition your career or business from a current state to a future desired state in the Energy and Utilities Industry. You will use concepts gleaned throughout this specialization and elsewhere. Your Roadmap to Success Project will be submitted in the last week of this course.\n

\n

\n By completing each phase of the Roadmap, you will be prepared to submit your final Roadmap to Success Project. Please be sure to save your work, as your efforts in each of phase will help contribute to your final submission.\n

\n

\n

\n

\n \n Phase 2: Self-Assessment\n \n

\n

\n

\n

\n Self-Assessments, also known as self-evaluations, are exercises that may influence how you execute tasks and projects. They provide insight into your strengths and weaknesses. Once recognized, you may choose to implement a strategy to transform weaker qualities into stronger ones. Self-assessments can also help you identify gaps that, unless closed, may hinder your ability to perform a particular task.\n

\n

\n We suggest you\n \n use the SWOT technique to conduct your self-assessment.\n \n SWOT is the acronym for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. A SWOT analysis often contains four blocks, where the \u201cStrengths\u201d and \u201cWeaknesses\u201d blocks include internal factors- those unique to you - and the blocks of \u201cOpportunities\u201d and \u201cThreats\u201d include external factors such as a job posting, a new software release, regulations and procedures.\n

\n

\n After reflecting on your SWOT analysis, create a list of action items to focus on as you transition to a future career in the field of Energy.\n \n Update your Project Charter with 1-3 action items\n \n for you to complete \u2013within an established time period - that leverages your strengths to attain a prospective opportunity.\n

\n

\n Additionally, in your Project Charter,\n \n list at least one action item to mitigate, or reduce, the risk of a threat\n \n adversely impacting you as a result of a one or more of your weaknesses.\n

\n

\n Revisit your goal or goals, and if you haven\u2019t done so already, narrow yours to a particular field within the enterprise and locate national job descriptions that coincide with your goal. The U.S. Department of Labor has national O*NET codes related to job titles. They provide demographic information, future projections, and education levels that relate to job titles. Use the information provided in the resource section to become more familiar with this workforce tool.\n

\n

\n Find some job codes related to the jobs you want to pursue and then analyze them against your SWOT self-assessment. Does your background provide the foundation for the job or business plan you want to pursue? Are there gaps you have to fill or obstacles you have to overcome in order to be successful?\n

\n

\n Next,\n \n create a one-page marketing document\n \n outlining your skills for the job or business plan you want to pursue. This one-page document will be used as a conversation starter with your contacts, mentors, family and co-workers. You want to choose headings that are relevant to you and your project, so they will inevitably vary based on the goal. Some headlines to consider include, but are not limited to, the following:\n

\n

\n \u2022\tProject summary\n

\n

\n \u2022\tKnowledge, skills, and abilities\n

\n

\n \u2022\tProfit\n

\n

\n \u2022\tTarget companies\n

\n

\n \u2022\tOrganizations\n

\n

\n \u2022\tObjectives\n

\n

\n \u2022\tProduct\n

\n

\n \u2022\tAction plan\n

\n

\n \u2022\tCertifications\n

\n

\n \u2022\tResponsibilities\n

\n

\n \u2022\tPros & Cons\n

\n

\n \u2022\tProfessional experience\n

\n

\n In previous roadmap lessons, we suggested tools and techniques to establish your own personal goal. Now that you have a clear goal, we are going to focus on how to pitch your goal in 30-45 seconds. Often referred to as an elevator pitch or elevator speech, a captivating few sentences spoken to invoke intrigue and leaves the audience with an appetite for more.\n

\n

\n Whether you are interested in entering the Energy and Utilities Industry workforce or transitioning with the evolving industry, a convincing elevator pitch could help you achieve your goal.\n

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\n Let\u2019s discuss five common characteristics of well-crafted elevator pitches. Although stated to sell yourself, the following characteristics can easily be adapted to sell an idea or product by replacing \u201cyou\u201d and \u201cyourself\u201d with your idea, product or service:\n

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\n \u2022\tConcisely state your goal: Introduce yourself by stating your name and what delineates you. Address a problem right out of the gate.\n

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\n \u2022\tArticulate how you use your skills: Give a real solution by explaining the benefits you offer. Make others want to know more. State your value proposition.\n

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\n \u2022\tTell a story: Tell a story that shows how you are outstanding. You want to whet the appetite of your audience.\n

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\n \u2022\tState what makes you unique: Say something authentic and exclusive to you that distinguishes you from others.\n

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\n \u2022\tDo not exceed 60 seconds: Pique interest in less than 60 seconds. End your pitch by re-stating your name.\n

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\n Together, these characteristics communicate the following: Who you are. What you do. What you are looking for. And\u2026 what sets you apart. You want others to recognize what a remarkable person you are and what benefits you\u2019ll bring to them. Remember, the most important question on others\u2019 minds is \u201cWhat am I going to get out of this?\u201d\n

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\n \n Develop a brief (30-45 second) elevator pitch\n \n tailored to an audience that will likely help you achieve your personalized goal. Practice it. Say it aloud over and over again. Time yourself. Refine it. And deliver it to your mentors, family and friends. You may submit a recorded or written elevator pitch as an artifact for your final project.\n

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\n \n You may download the follo\n \n \n wing resources:\n \n

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\n\n\n\n\n", "instructions" ] ] } ] ] ], [ "course-key-takeaways", [ [ "natural-gas-key-takeaways", { "pdf": [ [ "https://d18ky98rnyall9.cloudfront.net/oPidAaCcEeiH_Q6QLzoKjg_a144c0a0a09c11e886cce3ff9dc91692_Natural-Gas---Key-Takeaway.pdf?Expires=1560038400&Signature=QDX1hTZqlqBtVtAMNdCnJnRQZejv2DCWfcnOomhh9Bou8jazRObi1nfYkQHEHSUrPs8NZG7CIPfg6N9llYQIR1WTrKSGX4YKIs8SsPTbnFfyBKJ1Mdc2sCCii7WidqWKpbFRUPKQ8qC5rkEJPxObzpXoV1X30GHRY~15uDgdRMg_&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLTNE6QMUY6HBC5A", "Natural_Gas_-_Key_Takeaway" ] ], "html": [ [ "#inmemory#\n\n

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\n Natural Gas \u2013 Key Takeaways\n

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\n Below you will\nfind a number of key points from this course. Defined terms are\nunderlined.\n

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\n \n Week One: Exploration of Natural Gas\n \n

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\n \n Natural gas\n \n is a fossil fuel and is also called methane.\n

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\n \n Methane\n \n is a green-house gas that is 20 more time potent than carbon dioxide.\n

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\n Natural\ngas and crude oil were formed from the bodily remains of minute marine life\nthat lived between 300 to 400 million years ago in ancient oceans.\n

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\n Landfills,\nagricultural waste from dairies, chicken and pig farms and food processing\nwaste produce natural gas when they decompose. This is known as\n \n biogas\n \n which can then be turned into\nrenewable natural gas.\n

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\n The\nnatural gas that we use in our homes, power plants and industries has a\nstandard energy content of 1,032 Billion Thermal Units (Btu) per cubic foot.\n

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\n 1\nMcf = 1 Dekatherm = 1 MMBtu =\n \n 1,000\ncubic feet\n \n

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\n 1,000\ncubic feet can heat a home for 4.6 days, generate electricity for about 24 days,\nfuel a bus for 24 miles, drive a natural gas vehicle for 276 miles, or make 63\npounds of fertilizer.\n

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\n \n Shales\n \n are fine-grained, sedimentary rock composed of mud that is a mix of flakes of\nclay minerals and tiny fragments\n

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\n The\nU.S. federal government does not regulate natural gas or oil drilling. Instead,\nthe individual states regulate the exploration and drilling activities.\n

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\n Oil\nand gas bearing shale deposits are found in the Appalachian, Rocky Mountain\narea, Texas and the U.S. Gulf coast.\n

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\n \n George Mitchell\n \n combined horizontal drilling with hydraulic fracking.\n

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\n When\nthe shale is fractured, it takes a proppant like sand to \u201cprop\u201d or keep the\nfissures open.\n

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\n \n Week Two: Natural Gas Processing, Transmission & Storage\n \n

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\n When\ngas comes out of the ground it is gathered through a series of pipes called\n \n gathering lines.\n \n

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\n \n Treatment\nplants\n \n remove\nimpurities like water, sulfur, carbon dioxide and other substances.\n

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\n \n Processing\nplants\n \n remove valuable\nnatural gas liquids from the treated gas.\n

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\n \n The\nFederal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC),\n \n regulates all interstate natural gas pipeline\u2019s\n

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\n Natural gas pipeline transports gas by\nusing compressor stations, which are located every 50 to 70 miles.\n

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\n There are three types of underground\n \n gas storage facilities\n \n :\n

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\n 1. \ndepleted\noil well reservoirs\n

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\n 2. \nsalt\ncaverns\n

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\n 3. \naquifers.\n

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\n \n Week Three: Liquefied Natural Gas, Distribution, &\nConstruction\n \n

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\n \n LNG\n \n is natural gas that is super cooled to -260\u00b0F.\n

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\n By super cooling natural\ngas, we reduce its volume to the 1/600th of the original size. For example, 600,000\nft\u00b3 of natural gas would become 1,000 cubic feet of LNG.\n

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\n Natural gas can be\ncompressed and is called \u201ccompressed natural gas or\n \n CNG\n \n . When compressed, its volume is reduced to 1/200th of the\noriginal volume.\n

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\n LNG Supply Chain.\n

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\n 1. Natural gas production\n

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\n 2. Processing and liquefaction of the gas\n(super cooling it)\n

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\n 3. Shipping\n

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\n 4. Regasification and\n

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\n 5. Use by customers\n

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\n \n LNG\nexport terminals\n \n produce LNG for global buyers on specially made ships called LNG carriers.\n

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\n There are three types of\n \n liquefaction plants\n \n .\n

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\n 1. Large base-load plants\n

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\n 2. Peak shaving plants\n

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\n 3. Small scale LNG plants\n

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\n \n LNG\nimport terminals\n \n receive\nLNG by pumping LNG from the carrier to a large LNG Storage Tank\n

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\n \n LNG\nBunkering\n \n is practice\nof providing LNG fuel to a ship for its own consumption.\n

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\n The\n \n \u201cKeep it in the Ground\u201d\n \n movement contains environmental groups that\nare against fracking natural gas and oppose projects at FERC as well as in the\ncourts.\n

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\n \n Interstate\npipelines\n \n transport\nnatural gas across the country over long distances.\n

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\n \n Intrastate\npipelines\n \n operate\nwithin a given state and do not cross a state boundaries.\n

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\n \n The\nPipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA)\n \n , regulates intrastate natural gas\npipelines and deals with the safety of all distribution lines.\n

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\n A natural gas\n \n pipeline company\n \n just transports gas.\n

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\n A natural\n \n gas utility\n \n provides gas service to\nresidential, commercial and industrial customers.\n

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\n The pressure of an\ninterstate or intrastate natural gas pipeline is between 200 pounds per square\ninch (psi) and 1,500 psi.\n

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\n \n Gas\nmains\n \n are large pipes less\nthan 4 inches in diameter that conduct and distribute gas to lesser pipes or\nducts\n

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\n Polyethylene plastic pipe\nwas first introduced in the 1960s and makes up 90% of the 40,000 malls of new\nmains constructed each year in the United States.\n

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\n \n Week Four: Safety & Customer\nService\n \n

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\n Overall,\nthey were over 3141 incidents, 369 injuries and 78 deaths caused by natural gas\nand liquid pipelines between 1999 and 2014.\n

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\n The\nnumber one concern facing the natural gas industry is corrosion.\n

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\n \n Internal corrosion\n \n occurs when corrosive substances are transported through pipelines.\n

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\n \n External corrosion\n \n occurs from moist soil or ground water.\n

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\n Almost\n8,000 families had to be evacuated from a suburb in Los Angeles when the Aliso\nCanyon Gas Storage facility leaked methane.\n

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\n Faulty\nweld repairs by Pacific Gas & Electric on a natural gas distribution line\nkilled 8 people and injured 60 people in San Bruno, California.\n

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\n The\n2015 East Village Gas Explosion in New York City was caused by an illegal tap\ninto a gas main and killed 2 people, injured 19 people, and destroyed 3\nadjacent buildings.\n

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\n \n NYSEARCH\n \n is\na non-profit, collaborative Research, Development & Demonstration (RD &\nD) organization. They focus on improved installation, maintenance, and repair\nof natural gas quality. They also look at pipe location and integrity, direct\nand remote assessments, new materials, damage prevention and leak detection.\n

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\n NYSEARCH\ndeveloped a monitoring system which uses a flexible sensor tape that contains\nmicro linear resistance corrosion sensors on a live steel transmission gas main\nto monitor any evidence of corrosion in real time.\n

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\n Natural\ngas pipelines and distribution lines inspect their lines using a pipeline\ninspection gadget or what is called a\n \n PIG\n \n .\n

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\n A\nnatural gas utility\u2019s\n \n call center\n \n is\nits first line of customer service. It deals with request for service, billing,\ncomplaints, and emergencies like digging near a gas line or reports of gas\nleaks and explosions.\n

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\n \n Technicians\n \n install or replace meters, turns your service on or off, and inspects suspected\ngas leak.\n

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\n Two\ntypes of gas service\n

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\n \n Firm\n \n -\nUsually residential service is always firm since we are guaranteed service\n

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\n \n Interruptible\n \n - Industrial users are usually offered this service and may get a better price.\n

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\n Components\nof a residential natural gas bill\n

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\n \u00b7 \nThe customer charge is for the gas\nmeter that is measuring how much gas you use.\n

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\n \u00b7 \nThe distribution charge is the\ncharge for the volume of gas you actually use.\n

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\n \u00b7 \nThe purchase gas adjustment is a\npass-through charge from the gas utility for the cost of the natural gas it\nbuys on the open market.\n

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\n \u00b7 \nCharges for maintenance of the\ndistribution system plus a profit for the natural gas utility company.\n

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\n The\nGas Technology Institute provides numerous field training modules that pipeline\noperators can use to train their employees and comply with the PHMSA\nregulations.\n

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\n Download and print this document:\n

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\n\n\n\n\n", "instructions" ] ] } ] ] ] ] ], [ "Resources", [ [ "natural-gas-references", [ [ "", { "html": [ [ "http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/north-america/florida-east-coast-railway-converts-locomotive-fleet-to-lng.html", "florida-east-coast-railway-converts-locomotive-fleet-to-lng" ], [ "#inmemory#\n\n

\n \n \n Module 1: Exploration of Natural Gas\n \n \n

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\n Conti, J. J., Holtberg, P. D., Beamon, J. A., Schaal, A. M., Ayoub, J. C., & Turnure, J. T. (2014). Annual energy outlook 2014.\n \n US Energy Information Administration\n \n .\n

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\n Petroleum - Oil and Natural Gas | energy4me. (2015). Retrieved from\n \n http://energy4me.org/all-about-energy/what-is-energy/energy-sources/petroleum/\n \n

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\n US Energy Information Administration. (2017, October 25). Where Our Natural Gas Comes From. Retrieved from\n \n https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/index.php?page=natural_gas_where\n \n

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\n Zuckerman, G. (2013, November 06). Breakthrough: The Accidental Discovery That Revolutionized American Energy. Retrieved from\n \n https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2013/11/breakthrough-the-accidental-discovery-that-revolutionized-american-energy/281193/\n \n

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\n \n \n Module 2: Natural Gas Processing, Transmission & Storage\n \n \n

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\n Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. (2018, August 14). Retrieved from\n \n https://www.ferc.gov/\n \n

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\n O'Neil, B., Hopkins, P. and Gressley, J. (2016).\n \n The Economic Benefits of Natural Gas Pipeline Development on the Manufacturing Sector\n \n . Retrieved from\n \n http://www.nam.org/Data-and-Reports/Reports/Natural-Gas-Study/Energizing-Manufacturing-Full-Report/\n \n

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\n PIPELINE 101. (2016). Retrieved from\n \n http://www.pipeline101.com/why-do-we-need-pipelines/natural-gas-pipelines\n \n

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\n U.S. Energy Information Administration - EIA - Independent Statistics and Analysis. (2012, October 25). Retrieved from\n \n https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=8530\n \n

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\n \n \n Module 3: Liquefied Natural Gas, Distribution, & Construction\n \n \n

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\n Office of Fossil Energy. (n.d.). Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG). Retrieved from\n \n https://www.energy.gov/fe/science-innovation/oil-gas/liquefied-natural-gas\n \n

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\n Vantuono, W. (2017, November 13). Florida East Coast Railway converts locomotive fleet to LNG. Retrieved from\n \n http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/north-america/florida-east-coast-railway-converts-locomotive-fleet-to-lng.html\n \n

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\n US Department of Transportation. (2018, July 30). PHMSA | Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration. Retrieved from https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/\n

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\n \n \n Module 4: Safety & Customer Service\n \n \n

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\n Conca, J. (2018, January 25). Natural Gas And The New Deathprint For Energy. Retrieved from\n \n https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamesconca/2018/01/25/natural-gas-and-the-new-deathprint-for-energy/\n \n

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\n Joseph, G., & CityLab. (2016, December 12). Mapping 30 Years of Pipeline Accidents. Retrieved from\n \n https://www.citylab.com/environment/2016/11/30-years-of-pipeline-accidents-mapped/509066/\n \n

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\n Sweet, C. (2017, January 26). PG&E Fined $3 Million, Ending San Bruno Explosion Case. Retrieved from\n \n https://www.wsj.com/articles/pg-e-fined-3-million-ending-san-bruno-explosion-case-1485461825\n \n

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\n\n\n\n\n", "resources" ] ], "php": [ [ "https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/index.php?page=natural_gas_where", "index" ], [ "https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=8530", "detail" ] ] } ] ] ] ] ] ]